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Compare Mozambique (2002) - Glorioso Islands (2002)

Compare Mozambique (2002) z Glorioso Islands (2002)

 Mozambique (2002)Glorioso Islands (2002)
 MozambiqueGlorioso Islands
Administrative divisions 10 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia), 1 city*; Cabo Delgado, Gaza, Inhambane, Manica, Maputo, Maputo City*, Nampula, Niassa, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia -
Age structure 0-14 years: 42.5% (male 4,162,413; female 4,176,295)


15-64 years: 54.7% (male 5,313,511; female 5,407,052)


65 years and over: 2.8% (male 227,761; female 320,487) (2002 est.)
-
Agriculture - products cotton, cashew nuts, sugarcane, tea, cassava (tapioca), corn, coconuts, sisal, citrus and tropical fruits, potatoes, sunflowers; beef, poultry -
Airports 166 (2001) 1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 22


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 10


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 5 (2002)
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Airports - with unpaved runways total: 143


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 16


914 to 1,523 m: 35


under 914 m: 91 (2002)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 801,590 sq km


land: 784,090 sq km


water: 17,500 sq km
total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ile Glorieuse, Ile du Lys, Verte Rocks, Wreck Rock, and South Rock
Area - comparative slightly less than twice the size of California about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background Almost five centuries as a Portuguese colony came to a close with independence in 1975. Large-scale emigration by whites, economic dependence on South Africa, a severe drought, and a prolonged civil war hindered the country's development. The ruling party formally abandoned Marxism in 1989, and a new constitution the following year provided for multiparty elections and a free market economy. A UN-negotiated peace agreement with rebel forces ended the fighting in 1992. Heavy flooding in both 1999 and 2000 severely hurt the economy. A French possession since 1892, the Glorioso Islands are composed of two lushly vegetated coral islands (Ile Glorieuse and Ile du Lys) and three rock islets. A military garrison operates a weather and radio station on Ile Glorieuse.
Birth rate 36.41 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $393.1 million


expenditures: $1.025 billion, including capital expenditures of $479.4 million (2001 est.)
-
Capital Maputo -
Climate tropical to subtropical tropical
Coastline 2,470 km 35.2 km
Constitution 30 November 1990 -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Mozambique


conventional short form: Mozambique


local long form: Republica de Mocambique


local short form: Mocambique


former: Portuguese East Africa
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Glorioso Islands


local long form: none


local short form: Iles Glorieuses
Currency metical (MZM) -
Death rate 25.13 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $1 billion (2001 est.) -
Dependency status - possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Sharon P. WILKINSON


embassy: Avenida Kenneth Kuanda 193, Maputo


mailing address: P. O. Box 783, Maputo


telephone: [258] (1) 492797


FAX: [258] (1) 490448
none (possession of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Armando PANGUENE


chancery: 1990 M Street NW, Suite 570, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 293-7146


FAX: [1] (202) 835-0245
none (possession of France)
Disputes - international none claimed by Madagascar
Economic aid - recipient $632.8 million (2001) -
Economy - overview At independence in 1975, Mozambique was one of the world's poorest countries. Socialist mismanagement and a brutal civil war from 1977-92 exacerbated the situation. In 1988, the government embarked on a series of dramatic macroeconomic reforms designed to stabilize the economy and reduce government participation. These steps combined with the political stability that has prevailed since the 1994 multi-party elections have led to dramatic improvements in the country's growth rate fueled by foreign and domestic investments and donor assistance. Inflation was brought to single digits during the same period, although it has returned to double digits in 2000 and 2001. Foreign exchange rates have remained relatively stable. Fiscal reforms, including the introduction of a value-added tax and reform of the customs service, have improved the government's revenue collection abilities. In spite of these gains, Mozambique remains dependent upon foreign assistance for much of its annual budget, and the majority of the population remains below the poverty line. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country's workforce. A substantial trade imbalance persists, although it has diminished with the opening of the MOZAL aluminum smelter, the country's largest foreign investment project. Additional investment projects in titanium extraction/processing and garment manufacturing should further close the import/export gap. Mozambique's once substantial foreign debt has been reduced through forgiveness and rescheduling under the IMF's Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) and Enhanced HIPC initiatives, and is now at a manageable level. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption 925.81 million kWh (2000) -
Electricity - exports 5.7 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - imports 100 million kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production 7.017 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 4%


hydro: 96%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Monte Binga 2,436 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 12 m
Environment - current issues a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences; desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant poaching for ivory is a problem NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups indigenous tribal groups 99.66% (Shangaan, Chokwe, Manyika, Sena, Makua, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08% -
Exchange rates meticais per US dollar - 23,314.2 (January 2002), 20,703.6 (2001), 15,447.1 (2000), 13,028.6 (1999), 12,110.2 (1998), 11,772.6 (1997)


note: effective October 2000, the exchange rate is determined as the weighted average of buying and selling exchange rates of all transactions of commercial banks and stock exchanges with the public; meticais is the plural form of metical
-
Executive branch chief of state: President Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO (since 6 November 1986); note - before being popularly elected, CHISSANO was elected president by Frelimo's Central Committee on 4 November 1986 (reelected by the Committee 30 July 1989)


head of government: Prime Minister Pascoal MOCUMBI (since 17 December 1994)


cabinet: Cabinet


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO reelected president; percent of vote - Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO 52.29%, Afonso DHLAKAMA 47.71%
-
Exports $746 million f.o.b. (2001 est.) -
Exports - commodities prawns 40%, cashews, cotton, sugar, citrus, timber; bulk electricity (2000) -
Exports - partners South Africa 12.7%, Zimbabwe 12.2%, Spain 10.6%, Portugal 10.0% (2000) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of green (top), black, and yellow with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; the black band is edged in white; centered in the triangle is a yellow five-pointed star bearing a crossed rifle and hoe in black superimposed on an open white book the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $17.5 billion (2001 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 33%


industry: 25%


services: 42% (2000 est.)
-
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $900 (2001 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 9.2% (2001 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 18 15 S, 35 00 E 11 30 S, 47 20 E
Geography - note the Zambezi flows through the north-central and most fertile part of the country the islands and rocks are surrounded by an extensive reef system
Highways total: 30,400 km


paved: 5,685 km


unpaved: 24,715 km (1996)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 32% (1996-97)
-
Illicit drugs Southern African transit point for South Asian hashish, South Asian heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa); corruption and poor regulatory capability makes the banking system vulnerable to money laundering, but the lack of a well-developed financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center -
Imports $1.254 billion c.i.f. (2001 est.) -
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, mineral products, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs, textiles (2000) -
Imports - partners South Africa 33.5%, Portugal 4.8%, US 4.2%, Australia 3.8% (2000) -
Independence 25 June 1975 (from Portugal) -
Industrial production growth rate 3.4% (2000) -
Industries food, beverages, chemicals (fertilizer, soap, paints), petroleum products, textiles, cement, glass, asbestos, tobacco -
Infant mortality rate 138.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 10% (2001 est.) -
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNTAET, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 11 (2002) -
Irrigated land 1,070 sq km (1998 est.) 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (the court of final appeal; some of its professional judges are appointed by the president and some are elected by the Assembly); other courts include an Administrative Court, customs courts, maritime courts, courts marshal, labor courts


note: although the constitution provides for the creation of a separate Constitutional Court, one has never been established; in its absence the Supreme Court reviews constitutional cases
-
Labor force 7.4 million (1997 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 81%, industry 6%, services 13% (1997 est.) -
Land boundaries total: 4,571 km


border countries: Malawi 1,569 km, South Africa 491 km, Swaziland 105 km, Tanzania 756 km, Zambia 419 km, Zimbabwe 1,231 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 3.98%


permanent crops: 0.29%


other: 95.73% (1998 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all lush vegetation and coconut palms) (1998 est.)
Languages Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects -
Legal system based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (250 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote on a secret ballot to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 3-5 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - Frelimo 48.54%, Renamo-UE 38.81%; seats by party - Frelimo 133, Renamo-UE 117


note: Renamo-UE ran as a multiparty coalition; none of the other opposition parties received the 5% required to win parliamentary seats; in September 2000, Renamo-UE member Raul DOMINGOS was expelled from the party, he continues to hold his parliamentary seat as an independent
-
Life expectancy at birth total population: 35.46 years


male: 36.25 years


female: 34.65 years (2002 est.)
-
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 42.3%


male: 58.4%


female: 27% (1998 est.)
-
Location Southern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania Southern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Madagascar
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,125 GRT/7,024 DWT


ships by type: cargo 3


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 2 (2002 est.)
-
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Special Forces, Militia -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $35.1 million (2000 est.) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1% (2000 est.) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 4,711,318 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 2,720,583 (2002 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 25 June (1975) -
Nationality noun: Mozambican(s)


adjective: Mozambican
-
Natural hazards severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods occur in central and southern provinces periodic cyclones
Natural resources coal, titanium, natural gas, hydropower, tantalum, graphite guano, coconuts
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Pipelines crude oil 306 km; petroleum products 289 km


note: not operating
-
Political parties and leaders Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or Frelimo [Joaquim Alberto CHISSANO, president]; Mozambique National Resistance-Electoral Union (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana-Uniao Eleitoral) or Renamo-UE [Afonso DHLAKAMA, president] -
Political pressure groups and leaders Institute for Peace and Democracy (Instituto para Paz e Democracia) or IPADE [Raul DOMINGOS, president]; Etica [Abdul CARIMO Issa, chairman]; Movement for Peace and Citizenship (Movimento para Paz e Cidadania); Mozambican League of Human Rights (Liga Mocambicana dos Direitos Humanos) or LDH [Alice MABOTE, president]; Human Rights and Development (Direitos Humanos e Desenvolvimento) or DHD [Artemisia FRANCO, secretary general] -
Population 19,607,519


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997 Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2002 est.)
no indigenous inhabitants


note: there is a small French military garrison along with a few meteorologists; visited by scientists (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line 70% (2001 est.) -
Population growth rate 1.13% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Beira, Inhambane, Maputo, Nacala, Pemba, Quelimane none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 13, FM 17, shortwave 11 (2001) -
Radios 730,000 (1997) -
Railways total: 3,131 km


narrow gauge: 2,988 km 1.067-m gauge; 143 km 0.762-m gauge (2001)
-
Religions indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian 30%, Muslim 20% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
-
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: fair system but not available generally (telephone density is only 3.5 telephones for each 1,000 persons)


domestic: the system consists of open-wire lines and trunk connection by microwave radio relay and tropospheric scatter


international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)
-
Telephones - main lines in use 90,000 (December 2001) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 100,000 (June 2001 est) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (2001) -
Terrain mostly coastal lowlands, uplands in center, high plateaus in northwest, mountains in west low and flat
Total fertility rate 4.71 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 21% (1997 est.) -
Waterways 3,750 km (navigable routes) none
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